{"id":1993,"date":"2025-08-18T11:12:29","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T09:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/?page_id=1993"},"modified":"2025-08-18T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T09:12:29","slug":"%f0%9f%9b%a9%ef%b8%8f-plan-assiette-incident","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%f0%9f%9b%a9%ef%b8%8f-plan-assiette-incident\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud83d\udee9\ufe0f PLAN-ASSIETTE-INCIDENT"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1995\" style=\"width:621px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1.jpg 680w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1-300x104.jpg 300w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1-650x226.jpg 650w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1-310x108.jpg 310w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/pageplus_13_2-1-150x52.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udeeb 1. Plan de descente et pente<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Plan de descente standard (en approche)<\/strong> : \u2248 <strong>3\u00b0<\/strong> (soit ~5 % de pente).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cela signifie que pour avancer de 1 NM (~1852 m), on descend d\u2019environ <strong>300 ft<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En pratique :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00e0 90 kt \u2192 Vz ~ 450 ft\/min pour rester sur 3\u00b0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00e0 120 kt \u2192 Vz ~ 600 ft\/min.<br>\ud83d\udc49 C\u2019est la <strong>pente de trajectoire<\/strong> (flight path angle).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf9b\ufe0f 2. Assiette vs pente<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Assiette<\/strong> : angle du fuselage par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019horizon (vu \u00e0 l\u2019horizon artificiel).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pente (trajectoire)<\/strong> : angle r\u00e9el de la trajectoire par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019horizon.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En vol :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Assiette = Pente + incidence (\u03b1).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exemple en approche : assiette l\u00e9g\u00e8rement positive (<del>+3 \u00e0 +5\u00b0) alors que la pente est n\u00e9gative (<\/del>\u20133\u00b0).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 C\u2019est pourquoi en finale tu vois le nez <strong>au-dessus<\/strong> de l\u2019horizon visuel, m\u00eame si tu descends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcc9 3. Vz (Vitesse verticale)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vz = vitesse de descente ou de mont\u00e9e<\/strong> (ft\/min).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elle d\u00e9pend de :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vitesse sol (GS),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pente de descente choisie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Formule pratique : Vz\u2248GS\u00a0(kt)\u00d75Vz \\approx \\text{GS (kt)} \\times 5Vz\u2248GS\u00a0(kt)\u00d75 pour rester sur un plan de 3\u00b0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple : GS = 100 kt \u2192 Vz \u2248 500 ft\/min.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfd4\ufe0f 4. Pente maximale et taux de mont\u00e9e<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>En mont\u00e9e, on distingue deux notions <strong>tr\u00e8s importantes en aviation<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vx (vitesse de pente max)<\/strong> :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vitesse qui permet la <strong>meilleure pente de mont\u00e9e<\/strong> (maximiser le gain d\u2019altitude sur une distance horizontale minimale).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utile pour franchir un obstacle apr\u00e8s d\u00e9collage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vy (vitesse de taux de mont\u00e9e max)<\/strong> :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vitesse qui donne la <strong>meilleure vitesse verticale (Vz max)<\/strong>, donc le meilleur gain d\u2019altitude en un temps minimal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utilis\u00e9e pour rejoindre rapidement le niveau de croisi\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Relation :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vx &lt; Vy (sauf en altitude \u00e9lev\u00e9e, o\u00f9 elles tendent \u00e0 se rejoindre).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u26a0\ufe0f 5. Vitesse et angle en approche<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Approche stabilis\u00e9e :<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>plan \u2248 3\u00b0 (guidage ILS ou PAPI),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vitesse = Vapp (souvent <strong>1,3 \u00d7 Vs0<\/strong> \u2192 s\u00e9curit\u00e9 contre le d\u00e9crochage),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vz calcul\u00e9e en fonction de GS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Arrondi et flare :<\/strong> assiette augmente progressivement pour r\u00e9duire la vitesse verticale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcca R\u00e9sum\u00e9 pratique pilote<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Plan standard :<\/strong> 3\u00b0 (~300 ft\/NM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Assiette \u2260 pente :<\/strong> tu descends (\u20133\u00b0) mais avec le nez l\u00e9g\u00e8rement cabr\u00e9 (+3\u00b0).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vz pour 3\u00b0 :<\/strong> GS \u00d7 5 \u2248 ft\/min.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vx :<\/strong> meilleure pente (obstacle).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vy :<\/strong> meilleur taux (altitude en un minimum de temps).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vapp :<\/strong> 1,3 Vs0, adapt\u00e9e au vent et \u00e0 la masse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udeeb 1. Plan de descente et pente \ud83c\udf9b\ufe0f 2. Assiette vs pente \ud83d\udc49 C\u2019est pourquoi en finale tu vois le nez au-dessus de l\u2019horizon visuel, m\u00eame si tu descends. \ud83d\udcc9 3. Vz (Vitesse verticale) Exemple : GS = 100 kt \u2192 Vz \u2248 500 ft\/min. \ud83c\udfd4\ufe0f 4. Pente maximale et taux de mont\u00e9e En mont\u00e9e, on distingue deux notions tr\u00e8s<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%f0%9f%9b%a9%ef%b8%8f-plan-assiette-incident\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1993","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1993"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1993\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1996,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1993\/revisions\/1996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}