{"id":2389,"date":"2025-10-17T13:55:33","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T11:55:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/?page_id=2389"},"modified":"2025-10-17T13:55:33","modified_gmt":"2025-10-17T11:55:33","slug":"%f0%9f%9a%a8situation-inusuelles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%f0%9f%9a%a8situation-inusuelles\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud83d\udea8SITUATION INUSUELLES"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"470\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2390\" style=\"width:230px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1.png 504w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1-300x280.png 300w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1-322x300.png 322w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1-310x289.png 310w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-1-113x105.png 113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2708\ufe0f 1. Le d\u00e9crochage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>d\u00e9crochage<\/strong> survient lorsque l\u2019aile d\u00e9passe son <strong>angle d\u2019incidence critique<\/strong> : elle ne produit plus suffisamment de portance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Causes fr\u00e9quentes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vitesse trop faible (surtout en mont\u00e9e ou en approche).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauvaise coordination (par exemple, virage avec trop de facteur de charge \u00e0 basse vitesse).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauvaise gestion du trim ou du centrage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distraction (regard ext\u00e9rieur, oubli de v\u00e9rifier la vitesse).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Sympt\u00f4mes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Manche de plus en plus tir\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perte de r\u00e9activit\u00e9 aux commandes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vibrations, alarme de d\u00e9crochage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enfoncement du nez, parfois d\u00e9part en roulis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Actions correctives<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Piquer l\u00e9g\u00e8rement du nez<\/strong> pour r\u00e9duire l\u2019incidence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Remettre les ailes \u00e0 plat<\/strong> (palonnier, pas d\u2019ailerons brusques).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Remettre les gaz<\/strong> progressivement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sortir proprement<\/strong> (laisser acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer avant de reprendre la mont\u00e9e).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2699\ufe0f 2. Facteur de charge excessif<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>facteur de charge<\/strong> (ou \u201cg\u201d) augmente lors des virages ou des man\u0153uvres brusques.<br>Au-del\u00e0 d\u2019un certain seuil, l\u2019avion ou le pilote peuvent \u00eatre mis en danger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Causes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Virage trop serr\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tirer sur le manche en mont\u00e9e ou en ressource.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauvaise gestion d\u2019un \u00e9vitement ou d\u2019une perte d\u2019altitude.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Risques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00e9crochage \u00e0 plus haute vitesse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00e9formation ou rupture de la structure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perte de conscience (G-LOC).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Pr\u00e9vention \/ Rem\u00e8de<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00c9viter les man\u0153uvres brusques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conna\u00eetre le facteur de charge limite de l\u2019avion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sortir d\u2019un virage engag\u00e9 <strong>en rel\u00e2chant progressivement<\/strong> la traction sur le manche.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd01 3. Virage engag\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un virage <strong>trop inclin\u00e9<\/strong> dont on <strong>ne sort plus spontan\u00e9ment<\/strong>. L\u2019avion perd de l\u2019altitude et la vitesse augmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Causes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inclinaison trop forte (souvent > 45\u00b0).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exc\u00e8s de manche arri\u00e8re.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauvais usage du palonnier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Sympt\u00f4mes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 sortir du virage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Perte rapide d\u2019altitude.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bruit du vent plus fort (acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Actions correctives<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>R\u00e9duire les gaz<\/strong> (\u00e9viter la surcharge).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rel\u00e2cher la traction<\/strong> sur le manche.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ramener les ailes \u00e0 l\u2019horizontale<\/strong> doucement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Revenir en palier<\/strong> une fois la vitesse stabilis\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf00 4. La vrille<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un <strong>d\u00e9crochage dissym\u00e9trique<\/strong> : une aile d\u00e9croche avant l\u2019autre \u2192 l\u2019avion entre en rotation en spirale autour de son axe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Causes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00e9crochage avec forte dissym\u00e9trie (mauvaise coordination palonnier\/manche).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Entra\u00eenement ou man\u0153uvre mal ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauvaise gestion en finale (basse vitesse + virage serr\u00e9).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Sympt\u00f4mes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nez fortement abaiss\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rotation rapide et continue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Commandes inefficaces.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Actions correctives (m\u00e9thode <strong>PARE<\/strong>, \u00e0 conna\u00eetre par c\u0153ur)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Palonnier<\/em> oppos\u00e9 \u00e0 la rotation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Ailerons neutres.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>R<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Rel\u00e2cher le manche<\/em> (r\u00e9duire l\u2019incidence).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>E<\/strong> \u2013 <em>Sortir doucement du piqu\u00e9<\/em> une fois la rotation arr\u00eat\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf26\ufe0f 5. Autres situations inhabituelles possibles<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Situation<\/th><th>Causes typiques<\/th><th>Rem\u00e8des<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>D\u00e9sorientation spatiale<\/strong><\/td><td>Vol sans rep\u00e8res visuels<\/td><td>Se fier aux instruments, maintenir les param\u00e8tres de vol<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Panne moteur<\/strong><\/td><td>Mauvaise alimentation, givre, panne m\u00e9canique<\/td><td>Assiette, vitesse de plan\u00e9, rep\u00e9rage terrain, checklist<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Perte de contr\u00f4le en IMC (nuages)<\/strong><\/td><td>Entr\u00e9e involontaire en conditions sans visibilit\u00e9<\/td><td>Piloter aux instruments, sortie du nuage, assistance ATC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Turbulences s\u00e9v\u00e8res<\/strong><\/td><td>Cumulonimbus, montagne, sillage d\u2019un autre avion<\/td><td>R\u00e9duire la vitesse, garder l\u2019assiette, \u00e9viter les man\u0153uvres brusques<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2708\ufe0f 1. Le d\u00e9crochage \ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition Le d\u00e9crochage survient lorsque l\u2019aile d\u00e9passe son angle d\u2019incidence critique : elle ne produit plus suffisamment de portance. \ud83d\udd39 Causes fr\u00e9quentes \ud83d\udd39 Sympt\u00f4mes \ud83d\udd39 Actions correctives \u2699\ufe0f 2. Facteur de charge excessif \ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition Le facteur de charge (ou \u201cg\u201d) augmente lors des virages ou des man\u0153uvres brusques.Au-del\u00e0 d\u2019un certain seuil, l\u2019avion ou le<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%f0%9f%9a%a8situation-inusuelles\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2389","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2389"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2391,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2389\/revisions\/2391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}