{"id":2500,"date":"2025-11-05T15:21:29","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T14:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/?page_id=2500"},"modified":"2025-11-05T15:21:29","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T14:21:29","slug":"%e2%9c%88%ef%b8%8f-les-pistes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%e2%9c%88%ef%b8%8f-les-pistes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2708\ufe0f LES PISTES"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"420\" height=\"326\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2503\" style=\"width:329px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome.png 420w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome-300x233.png 300w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome-387x300.png 387w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome-310x241.png 310w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteAerodrome-135x105.png 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udeeb 1. Les diff\u00e9rentes <strong>longueurs de piste<\/strong> (selon leur fonction)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaque a\u00e9rodrome dispose de plusieurs <strong>longueurs de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/strong> d\u00e9finies par l\u2019OACI (Annexe 14).<br>Elles servent au calcul des performances (d\u00e9collage \/ atterrissage).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"182\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteResa.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2504\" style=\"width:501px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteResa.png 600w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteResa-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteResa-310x94.png 310w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteResa-150x46.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Nom<\/th><th>Abr\u00e9viation<\/th><th>D\u00e9finition<\/th><th>Utilisation principale<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Take-Off Run Available<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>TORA<\/strong><\/td><td>Longueur de roulement disponible pour le d\u00e9collage.<\/td><td>Distance r\u00e9ellement utilisable pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer sur la piste.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Take-Off Distance Available<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>TODA<\/strong><\/td><td>TORA + prolongement d\u00e9gag\u00e9 (clearway).<\/td><td>Permet de tenir compte d\u2019un espace sans obstacle apr\u00e8s la piste.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Accelerate-Stop Distance Available<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>ASDA<\/strong><\/td><td>TORA + prolongement d\u2019arr\u00eat (stopway).<\/td><td>Distance dispo pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer puis s\u2019arr\u00eater en cas de d\u00e9collage interrompu.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Landing Distance Available<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>LDA<\/strong><\/td><td>Longueur de piste utilisable pour l\u2019atterrissage.<\/td><td>\u00c0 partir du seuil utilisable jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de piste.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Remarque :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les <strong>pistes civiles<\/strong> (comme sur un Cessna 172) utilisent surtout <strong>TORA<\/strong> et <strong>LDA<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TODA et ASDA concernent plus les calculs de performance des avions plus gros.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udded 2. Les <strong>rep\u00e8res physiques<\/strong> et <strong>zones caract\u00e9ristiques<\/strong> d\u2019une piste<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"565\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteMarquagePiste.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2501\" style=\"width:549px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteMarquagePiste.png 565w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteMarquagePiste-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteMarquagePiste-310x72.png 310w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/PisteMarquagePiste-150x35.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 565px) 100vw, 565px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/th><th>Description<\/th><th>Fonction<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Seuil de piste<\/strong><\/td><td>D\u00e9but de la partie utilisable pour atterrissage<\/td><td>Point d\u2019atterrissage minimal autoris\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Seuil d\u00e9plac\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>Zone blanche + marque de fl\u00e8ches<\/td><td>Zone non utilisable pour atterrissage, mais utilisable pour roulage \/ d\u00e9collage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Zone de touche des roues (Touchdown Zone)<\/strong><\/td><td>Barres parall\u00e8les blanches apr\u00e8s le seuil<\/td><td>Indique la zone optimale de contact<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Axe de piste<\/strong><\/td><td>Ligne blanche discontinue<\/td><td>Aide au maintien du centrage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Num\u00e9ro de piste<\/strong><\/td><td>Ex. 09 \/ 27 \u2192 orientation magn\u00e9tique (090\u00b0 \/ 270\u00b0)<\/td><td>Identification<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Zone de vis\u00e9e (aiming point)<\/strong><\/td><td>2 grands rectangles blancs \u00e0 ~300 m du seuil<\/td><td>Point visuel pour le pilote \u00e0 l\u2019arrondi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Marques lat\u00e9rales<\/strong><\/td><td>Bandes continues de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9<\/td><td>D\u00e9limitent la largeur de piste<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Marquage de seuil d\u00e9plac\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>Fl\u00e8ches + bande transversale blanche<\/td><td>Indique qu\u2019une portion initiale n\u2019est pas apte \u00e0 l\u2019atterrissage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bord de piste (edge marking)<\/strong><\/td><td>Lignes blanches continues<\/td><td>D\u00e9limitent les bords lat\u00e9raux<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Fin de piste (end marking)<\/strong><\/td><td>Ligne transversale rouge ou noire<\/td><td>Indique la fin de la surface utilisable<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddf1 3. Types de <strong>pistes selon la surface<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Type de surface<\/th><th>Exemple<\/th><th>Usage typique<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Rev\u00eatue (asphalt\u00e9e \/ b\u00e9ton)<\/strong><\/td><td>A\u00e9rodrome contr\u00f4l\u00e9 ou IFR<\/td><td>Majorit\u00e9 des pistes principales<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Enherb\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td><td>A\u00e9rodromes secondaires (avions l\u00e9gers)<\/td><td>Cessna, ULM, \u00e9coles de pilotage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Gravillonn\u00e9e \/ terre<\/strong><\/td><td>Pistes sommaires, bush, montagne<\/td><td>Aviation l\u00e9g\u00e8re et utilitaire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Water runway (hydrobase)<\/strong><\/td><td>Surface d\u2019eau<\/td><td>Hydravions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfa8 4. Les <strong>marquages de couleur<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/airfield-marking-line-types.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2505\" style=\"width:192px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Couleur<\/th><th>Signification<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Blanc<\/strong><\/td><td>Pistes (runway)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Jaune<\/strong><\/td><td>Voies de circulation (taxiways)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Rouge<\/strong><\/td><td>Points d\u2019attente \/ interdictions d\u2019entr\u00e9e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Noir<\/strong><\/td><td>Contexte visuel (pour contraste sur surfaces claires)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udeeb 1. Les diff\u00e9rentes longueurs de piste (selon leur fonction) Chaque a\u00e9rodrome dispose de plusieurs longueurs de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence d\u00e9finies par l\u2019OACI (Annexe 14).Elles servent au calcul des performances (d\u00e9collage \/ atterrissage). Nom Abr\u00e9viation D\u00e9finition Utilisation principale Take-Off Run Available TORA Longueur de roulement disponible pour le d\u00e9collage. Distance r\u00e9ellement utilisable pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer sur la piste. Take-Off Distance Available TODA TORA<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/%e2%9c%88%ef%b8%8f-les-pistes\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2500","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2500"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2500\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2506,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2500\/revisions\/2506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}