{"id":2586,"date":"2025-11-09T22:00:03","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T21:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/?page_id=2586"},"modified":"2025-11-09T22:01:55","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T21:01:55","slug":"les-cartes-aeronautiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/les-cartes-aeronautiques\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud83d\udcdaLES CARTES AERONAUTIQUES"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"468\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/lot-des-4-cartes-ign-oaci-2025-1-500-000e-version-plastifiee.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2587\" style=\"width:241px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/lot-des-4-cartes-ign-oaci-2025-1-500-000e-version-plastifiee.jpg 468w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/lot-des-4-cartes-ign-oaci-2025-1-500-000e-version-plastifiee-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/lot-des-4-cartes-ign-oaci-2025-1-500-000e-version-plastifiee-233x310.jpg 233w, https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/lot-des-4-cartes-ign-oaci-2025-1-500-000e-version-plastifiee-79x105.jpg 79w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-background\">\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f Les cartes a\u00e9ronautiques en France<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(versions papier et num\u00e9riques)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2708\ufe0f 1. Les <strong>cartes VAC<\/strong> (Visual Approach Chart)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les <strong>cartes VAC<\/strong> (Visual Approach Chart) sont des <strong>fiches d\u2019approche \u00e0 vue<\/strong> \u00e9dit\u00e9es par le <strong>SIA (Service de l\u2019Information A\u00e9ronautique)<\/strong>.<br>Elles d\u00e9crivent les <strong>proc\u00e9dures VFR<\/strong> (entr\u00e9e\/sortie de circuit, fr\u00e9quences, altitude de circuit, QFU, points de report, obstacles, etc.) de <strong>chaque a\u00e9rodrome fran\u00e7ais<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Contenu typique d\u2019une carte VAC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plan de l\u2019a\u00e9rodrome et du circuit VFR<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coordonn\u00e9es du terrain et altitude (QNH\/QFE)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fr\u00e9quences radio (TWR, AFIS, ATIS, auto-info)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Circuits de piste (sens, altitude, points d\u2019entr\u00e9e\/sortie)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Restrictions locales (bruit, survol interdit, zones sensibles)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coordonn\u00e9es des points de report VFR<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sch\u00e9ma de proc\u00e9dures VFR sp\u00e9cifiques<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Versions disponibles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddfe <strong>Version papier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Disponible dans les <strong>cartes VAC du SIA<\/strong> ou imprim\u00e9e depuis le site <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr\">https:\/\/www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00c0 jour \u00e0 chaque <strong>cycle AIRAC (tous les 28 jours)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utilisable en vol (planchette, pochette plastique).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcf1 <strong>Version num\u00e9rique<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Accessible <strong>gratuitement<\/strong> sur le site du <strong>SIA<\/strong> ou via des <strong>applications de navigation<\/strong> :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SDVFR Next<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SkyDemon<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ForeFlight<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Garmin Pilot<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ces applis int\u00e8grent les <strong>VAC en PDF<\/strong> et les mettent <strong>automatiquement \u00e0 jour<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Possibilit\u00e9 de les consulter <strong>hors connexion<\/strong>, si pr\u00e9-t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Conseil pratique<\/strong> :<br>M\u00eame si tu utilises les VAC num\u00e9riques, garde une <strong>copie papier<\/strong> des terrains de d\u00e9part, d\u2019arriv\u00e9e et de d\u00e9routement (en cas de panne tablette ou batterie).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udf0d 2. Les <strong>cartes a\u00e9ronautiques VFR (OACI\/SIA)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Objectif<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les <strong>cartes a\u00e9ronautiques<\/strong> (1\/500 000 ou 1\/250 000) servent \u00e0 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pr\u00e9parer la navigation,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Visualiser les <strong>espaces a\u00e9riens<\/strong>, les <strong>zones R, P, D<\/strong>, les <strong>a\u00e9rodromes<\/strong>, <strong>obstacles<\/strong>, <strong>reliefs<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c9viter les p\u00e9n\u00e9trations d\u2019espaces contr\u00f4l\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Les types de cartes en France<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f <strong>Cartes OACI 1\/500 000 (SIA\/IGN)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Carte \u201cclassique\u201d de navigation VFR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Couvre toute la France m\u00e9tropolitaine (6 feuilles principales).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mises \u00e0 jour <strong>chaque printemps<\/strong> (publication annuelle par l\u2019<strong>IGN pour le SIA<\/strong>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contiennent :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Espaces a\u00e9riens (TMA, CTR, R, P, D, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altitudes plancher\/plafond,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A\u00e9rodromes civils\/militaires,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obstacles, zones dangereuses,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Topographie, routes, villes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f <strong>Cartes au 1\/250 000<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9es, surtout pour le <strong>vol local ou l\u2019instruction<\/strong> (zones montagneuses, circuits \u00e9cole).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Existent pour certaines r\u00e9gions (ex : Alpes, Bretagne, Sud-Ouest\u2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f <strong>Cartes \u201cCompl\u00e9mentaires\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cartes AZBA (activit\u00e9 basse altitude militaire),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cartes RTBA,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cartes d\u2019approche radar VFR sp\u00e9cifiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Versions disponibles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddfe <strong>Version papier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En vente dans les a\u00e9roclubs, boutiques pilotes ou sur <a>https:\/\/boutique.ign.fr<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support robuste, pliable, adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la planchette.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incontournable pour :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9paration du vol<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>S\u00e9curit\u00e9 (backup)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udcf1 <strong>Version num\u00e9rique<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans les applis de navigation :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SDVFR Next<\/strong> \u2192 int\u00e8gre les cartes SIA officielles OACI (papier + dynamique).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SkyDemon<\/strong> \u2192 cartes vectorielles recalcul\u00e9es dynamiquement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ForeFlight<\/strong> \u2192 cartes Jeppesen ou SIA selon option.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Air Nav Pro<\/strong> \u2192 cartes raster IGN\/SIA scann\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u26a0\ufe0f <strong>\u00c0 jour automatiquement<\/strong> via abonnement ou synchronisation SIA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Certaines applis affichent les espaces a\u00e9riens en \u201ctemps r\u00e9el\u201d<\/strong> selon horaires d\u2019activation (ex : R, D, ZIT).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 3. Comparatif synth\u00e9tique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Aspect<\/th><th><strong>Papier (SIA\/IGN)<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Num\u00e9rique (Applis VFR)<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Support<\/strong><\/td><td>Fiable, pas de panne<\/td><td>D\u00e9pend de la batterie \/ GPS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Mise \u00e0 jour<\/strong><\/td><td>Annuelle<\/td><td>Dynamique (AIRAC 28j)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Lisibilit\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>Tr\u00e8s bonne en plein soleil<\/td><td>Variable selon \u00e9cran<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Poids \/ encombrement<\/strong><\/td><td>Assez volumineux<\/td><td>L\u00e9ger, tout-en-un<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Fonctions<\/strong><\/td><td>Navigation manuelle<\/td><td>GPS, m\u00e9t\u00e9o, NOTAM, VAC int\u00e9gr\u00e9es<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Usage id\u00e9al<\/strong><\/td><td>Sauvegarde \/ formation<\/td><td>Navigation active en vol<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-19198114bf486ce453b465412cefa629\">\u2696\ufe0f R\u00e9glementation sur les cartes papier et num\u00e9riques en aviation l\u00e9g\u00e8re (VFR)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 1. Le <strong>texte de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La r\u00e9glementation applicable est issue du <strong>r\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b0965\/2012<\/strong> de l\u2019EASA, <strong>Part-NCO (Non-Commercial Operations)<\/strong>, qui encadre les vols non commerciaux (PPL, LAPL, ULM, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les articles cl\u00e9s sont :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>NCO.GEN.135 \u2014 Documents, manuals and information to be carried<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>(a)<\/strong> Le pilote commandant de bord doit s\u2019assurer que les documents, manuels et informations n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la conduite s\u00fbre du vol sont \u00e0 bord, <strong>ou accessibles en vol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(b)<\/strong> Les informations doivent \u00eatre <strong>\u00e0 jour et disponibles sous une forme utilisable<\/strong> par l\u2019\u00e9quipage.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>NCO.OP.135 \u2014 Maps, charts and codes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Le pilote doit disposer des <strong>cartes et documents appropri\u00e9s et \u00e0 jour<\/strong> pour la <strong>pr\u00e9paration et la conduite du vol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces cartes doivent comporter :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>les <strong>espaces a\u00e9riens<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les <strong>routes<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les <strong>a\u00e9rodromes<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les <strong>zones dangereuses, r\u00e9glement\u00e9es et interdites<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>et toute autre information n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la navigation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <strong>Aucune mention n\u2019est faite d\u2019un support papier obligatoire.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde0 2. Interpr\u00e9tation officielle (EASA \/ DGAC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La DGAC et l\u2019EASA pr\u00e9cisent dans plusieurs guides que :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u2705 Le <strong>support num\u00e9rique est admis<\/strong>, <strong>\u00e0 condition<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>qu\u2019il soit <strong>fonctionnel pendant tout le vol<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>que les <strong>donn\u00e9es soient \u00e0 jour<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>et qu\u2019une <strong>solution de secours<\/strong> soit disponible (ex : deuxi\u00e8me appareil ou carte papier).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>En clair :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tu <strong>peux utiliser une tablette<\/strong> (ex : SDVFR Next, SkyDemon, ForeFlight).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mais tu dois pouvoir <strong>continuer le vol en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en cas de panne<\/strong> (batterie, GPS, \u00e9cran).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcf1 3. Application concr\u00e8te (France \/ DGAC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Les pilotes VFR peuvent :<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>utiliser <strong>des cartes num\u00e9riques officielles<\/strong> (SIA, OACI, ou int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans des applis reconnues),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>pr\u00e9parer<\/strong> leur navigation sur tablette ou ordinateur,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>naviguer<\/strong> en vol avec un GPS ou une appli de navigation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 Mais ils doivent :<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>s\u2019assurer que les cartes et VAC sont <strong>\u00e0 jour (AIRAC 28 jours)<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>disposer d\u2019un <strong>moyen de secours<\/strong>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire :\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>une <strong>carte papier<\/strong>, ou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>une <strong>seconde tablette \/ smartphone charg\u00e9<\/strong>, ou<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>une <strong>copie imprim\u00e9e<\/strong> du log de nav et des VAC essentielles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcd8 4. Exemples de \u201cbonne conformit\u00e9\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Situation<\/th><th>Conforme ?<\/th><th>Pourquoi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Tablette avec SDVFR Next \u00e0 jour + batterie externe<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>Informations \u00e0 jour et support autonome<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SkyDemon sur iPad + iPhone backup<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>Redondance num\u00e9rique suffisante<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tablette seule sans batterie de secours ni carte papier<\/td><td>\u26a0\ufe0f<\/td><td>Risque de non-disponibilit\u00e9 en vol<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carte OACI papier \u00e0 jour + VAC imprim\u00e9es<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>Support officiel et conforme<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carte papier de l\u2019an dernier<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>Donn\u00e9es p\u00e9rim\u00e9es \u2192 non conforme (zones, fr\u00e9quences, etc.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f Les cartes a\u00e9ronautiques en France (versions papier et num\u00e9riques) \u2708\ufe0f 1. Les cartes VAC (Visual Approach Chart) \ud83d\udd39 D\u00e9finition Les cartes VAC (Visual Approach Chart) sont des fiches d\u2019approche \u00e0 vue \u00e9dit\u00e9es par le SIA (Service de l\u2019Information A\u00e9ronautique).Elles d\u00e9crivent les proc\u00e9dures VFR (entr\u00e9e\/sortie de circuit, fr\u00e9quences, altitude de circuit, QFU, points de report, obstacles, etc.) de chaque a\u00e9rodrome<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/les-cartes-aeronautiques\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2586","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2586"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2594,"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2586\/revisions\/2594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acriv.org\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}